Ibihugu-nkiko by'u Rwanda

Ijambo inkiko mu Kinyarwanda cyumvikana vuba ni imipaka,ingabe z’impugu nkiko zivugwa ahangaha ,ni ibihugu byahanaga imbibi n’u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo rutarigarurira ibyo bihugu ngo bibe u Rwanda tuzi ubu.Ibyo bihugu byari mu burasirazuba (I Gisaka ) ,amajyepfo ( u Bugesera ),Amajyaruguru (Ndorwa ),I burengerazuba ( Nduga ) ibyo nibyo byari birwegereye mu buryo bwa hafi,ariko uhereye kuri ibyo hakaba n’ibyari binyanyagiye mu gihugu hagati aribyo tugiye kurebera hamwe.

Kera u Rwanda rutarashyika ku ntera y’uru Rwanda uko turuzi,rwarimo ibihugu byinshi bingana na za Superefegitura zahoze mu Rwanda ni ukuvuga ko byari ibihugu byinshi ukongeraho inkomoko yarwo ariyo Gasabo ;amateka akaba avuga ko byatangiye kumenyekana ahasaga mu w’1090 ubwo Gihanga I Ngomijana yahangaga ingoma Nyiginya I Gasabo.Ibihugu –nkiko bivugwa aha ,ni ibyahanaga imbibi n’u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo rutaraba uru Rwanda tuzi ubu .Imiterere y’ibihugu-nkiko by’ urwa Gasabo akaba ari ibi bikurikira:

Ingoma y’U Bungwe

Ingoma-Ngabe yabo yitwaga NYAMIBANDE,Icyo gihugu cyategekwaga n’Abenengwe.U Bungwe cyari igihugu kibumbye u BUSANZA bw’amajyepfo (Komini Maraba,Mbazi ,Ruhashya,Shyanda zo muri Perefegitura ya Butare).ubu akaba ari mu Karere ka Huye.U BUFUNDU (Komini Kinyamakara,Nyamagabe,Mudasomwa na Karama zo muri Perefegitura ya Gikongoro).Ubu akaba ari mu Karere Ka Nyamagabe.Ingoma yabo yageraga n’I NYARUGURU (Komini Runyinya na Gishamvu zo muri Butare naMubuga na Rwamiko zo muri Gikongoro ).ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyaruguru.Yageraga kandi n’aho bitaga BASHUMBA-NYAKARE (Komini Kigembe na Nyakizu byo muri Butare ).Ubu ni mu Karere ka Gisagara.N’intara y’ u BUYENZI (komini Nshiri na Kivu zo muri Gikongoro ).Ubu naho ni mu Karere ka Nyamagabe.

Ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari INGWE .Umwami wariho ubwo Ingoma Nyiginya y’ I Gasabo yadukaga yitwaga RWAMBA.Akaba yari atuye muri Nyakizu ni ukuvuga mu Karere ka Gisagara.Undi Mwenengwe wategekaga igihugu cye kugeza gitsindwa n’ingoma Nyiginya ni SAMUKENDE, umugabo wa NYAGAKECURU wo mu Bisi bya Huye.

Abenengwe bwari ubwoko bw’Ibikomangoma by’I Ngozi Kayanza mu Burundi byambukiranyije ingoma ya byo igasingira impugu za Butare na Gikongoro, zikikije ibisi bya Huye,n’ibisi bya Nyakibanda,byaje kwitwa Ibisi bya Nyagakecuru ,biturutse ku Mugabekazi Banginzage nyina wa Rubuga umwami w’u Bungwe ,bahimbye Nyagakecuru wari ufite umurwa we mu mpinga ya Nyakibanda .Izo mpugu Abenengwe bagengaga zaremaga ingo ma bitaga ingoma z’abiyunze arizo: -U Busanza bwa bwa Nkuba ya Bagumana -U Bufundu bwa Rubuga rwa Kagogo -U Bungwe bwa Rubuga rwa Samukende

Ingoma yabo yaje kwigarurirwa na MUTARA I SEMUGESHI (Muyenzi) nuko yica umwami waho Rubuga rwa Samukende, bica na nyina Benginzage ariwe “Nyagakecuru “Banyaga n’Ingabe yabo “NYAMIBANDE”, basanze yararaye bayitera urwuma bakurizaho no kuyita “RWUMA”

Ingoma y’u Budaha n’u Bwishaza

Ibihugu by’Ubwishaza n’Ubudaha byategekwaga n’Abarenge bari ubwoko bw’Abahima bakomoka kuri Rurenge sekuruza w’Ingoma yabo .Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Abasinga. Nibo baba baradukanye amasuka n’inyundo .Bari bafite imitarimba bafukuzaga amariba y’inka zabo .Amariba maremare yo mu Rwanda rwo hambere nibo bayafukuye. Ingoma -Ngabe yabo yitwaga MPATSIBIHUGU. Bakunze kuvuga Ingoma y’Ubudaha n’Ubwishaza yari nini cyane,igizwe na Perefegitura ya Gisenyi na Kibuye (mu Turere twa Nyabihu,Rutsiro,Karongi, na Ngororero) Mu zindi ntara twavuga,izo muri Cyangugu arizo BIRU (Komini Gafunzo na Cyimbogo )mu karere ka Nyamasheke,CYESHA (Komini kirambo ),mu Karere ka Karongi na Nyamasheke.Mu majyaruguru ,hari BWITO,BYAHI ,na KARUMONGI muri KONGO.

Abarenge ubwoko bwabo bwari Abasinga, bikavuga =Abatsinze, indangabwoko yabo ikaba SAKABAKA. Abarenge bari biganje mu Rwanda rwagati, ariko cyane cyane Masaka ya Rugarika ho mu mu Rukoma muri Komini Runda (Akarere ka Kamonyi).Runda niwo wari umurwa mukuru wabo..

Abarenge babarizwaga kandi mu BURWI (Komini Kigembe, Kibayi na Ndora yo muri Butare (mu Karere ka Gisagara) ariko aho hakaba hari mu Ngoma y’Ubungwe.Mu gihe cy’umwaduko w’ingoma Nyiginya umwami w’Umurenge wari ku ngoma yari JENI RYA RURENGE.

Ingoma y’U Bunyambilili

Ingoma y’u Bunyambiriri nayo yari iy’Abarenge bo mu muryango w’Abahima bakomoka kuri Rurenge sekuruza wabo, bakaba bari abo mu bwoko bw’Abasinga. Ubwami bw’u Bunyambilili bwari buherereye muri Komini Musebeya, Muko na Karambo byo ku Gikongoro (Mu Karere ka Nyamagabe) Ndetse no mu Karere k’Itabire ho ku Kibuye (ubuni mu karere ka Karongi).Ingoma-Ngabe yabo ikaba “NKUNZURWANDA “.Ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari “Inumvu eshatu z’inumbiri “

Abami b’u Bunyambilili bari Abami b’imbuto n’amatungo, Abami b’imbuto n’amatungo bagiraga imihango yo guhosha ibyorezo by’indwara n’inzara. Bagiraga amazina y’icyubahiro cy’ubwami:

• Gisurere
• Tegera
• Rukambura

Mu bami b’imbuto n’amatungo, uzwi cyane mu mateka ni Batsinda Gisurere IV (watanze yarabatijwe Ildephonse) mu w’1983.Yari atuye I Nyamirishyo h’I Suti ya Banege ,mu Bunyambilili.

Ingoma ya Bukunzi

Ingoma ya Bukunzi nayo yari iy’Abarenge bo mu muryango w’Abahima bakomoka kuri Rurenge sekuruza wabo, bakaba bari abo mu bwoko bw’Abasinga. Ubwami bwa Bukunzi bwari buherereye muri Perefegitura ya CYANGUGU muri Komini ya Karengera na Nyakabuye (mu Karere ka Nyamasheke ).Ingoma –Ngabe yabo yari “NYAMUGANZA “ Ingoma ya Bukunzi yigaruriwe na Kigeli II Nyamuheshera ariko ntiyahatwara burundu ,ahubwo abaha ubwigenge bucagase,nu ukuvuga ko bakomeje kugengwa n’umwami wabo ,ariko igice kimwe cy’amakoro y’ I Bwami kikajya I Rwanda bakomeza kujya bamusororera.Abami b’icyo gihugu bari abavubyi bakavubira imvura u Bukunzi n’ u Rwanda.Abami bakurikiye Ndabarasa nabo ntibagira icyo babikoraho babirekera uko .Abadage bageze mu Rwanda byarabatangaje,bituma baguyaguya umwami w’u Bukunzi NDAGANO RUHAGATA ngo yegukire umwami w’ u Rwanda burundu agerageze kumugandukira, ariko biranga,kugeza naho boherejeyo abasirikaree birananirana kugeza igihe apfiriye urw’ikirago mu w’1923.Ababirigi nabo basanze aruko bimeze,bo bahisemo kohereza igitero cy’abasirikare mu w’1924 na 1925.

NGOGA BIHIGIMONDO, Umwami wa nyuma wa Bukunzi bamushyize muri gereza kuva mu w’1923 kugeza mu w’1925.Muri uwo mwaka nibwo yaguye mu buroko,maze Ababiligi begurira u Bukunzi Abami b’u Rwanda.Nibwo bahagabira uwitwa RWAGATARAKA aba Umutware waho.Ingoma ya Bukunzi izima ityo.

Ingoma ya Busozo

Ingoma ya Busozo nayo yari iy’Abarenge bo mu muryango w’Abahima bakomoka kuri Rurenge sekuruza wabo, bakaba bari abo mu bwoko bw’Abasinga. Igihugu cya Busozo nacyo cyari muri Perefegitura ya Cyangugu muri Komini Nyakabuye (Agace gato ko mu Karere ka Nyamasheke).Nabwo bigaruriwe na Kigeri III Nyamuheshera nabo abaha ubwigenge bucagase nk’uko yabigenje mu bwami bwa Bukunzi.Icyo gihugu nacyo cyari icy’Abavubyi, umwami uherutse w’u Busozo ni RUHINGA II.Yazunguye se NYUNDO watanze mu w’1904.

U Busozo nabwo bwaje kwigarurirwa N’Ababiligi bakoresheje imbaraga za gisirikare mu bitero bagabye bikurikiranye n’ibya Bukunzi ,ni ukuvuga mu w’1925 kugeza mu w’1926.Ubwo RUHINGA ntibamwica kuko yitanze mu maboko yabo ,ahubwo bamucira ahandi,ubwami bwa Busozo nabwo babugabira Rwagataraka ngo abe umutware waho.Nguko uko ubwami bwa Busozo bwazimye burundu.

Ingoma y’u Buliza

Ingoma y’Uburiza yategekwaga n’Ibikomangoma by’Abongera izi ngoma zombi zayoborwaga n’Abasinga (kimwe n’iy’u Banacyambwe ) .Ingabe yabo yari BUSHIZIMBEHO.Igihugu bategekaga cyari kigizwe n’intara z’ U BUMBOGO (muri Komini Musasa,Rushashi na Tare ho muri Kigali ).Ubu ni mu Karere ka Rulindo.Cyari kigizwe na none n’UBURIZA nyirizina (muri Komini Rutongo ,Mugambazi na Shyorongi ho muri Kigali ).Ubu ni mu Karere ka Rurindo .Umwami w’Uburiza uzwi cyane ni MUGINA ,umurwa we ukaba wari Nyamitanga ho kuri Jari ,nyuma Uburiza bwaje kwigarurirwa na Cyilima Rugwe amaze kwica Mugina umwami w’Uburiza.

Ingoma y’u Bwanacyambwe

Ingoma y’Ubwanacyambwe nayo yategekwaga n’Ibikomangoma by’Abongera kimwe n’iy’Uburiza .Ni ukuvuga ko nacyo cyayoborwaga n’Abasinga.Ingabe yabo yari KAMUHAGAMA .Igihugu bategekaga cyari kigizwe n’intara z’ UBWANACYAMBWE nyirizina (muri Komini Nyarugenge,Rubungo na Kanombe ho muri Kigali ).Ubu ni mu Turere twa Nyarugenge,Gasabo na Kicukiro Cyari kigizwe na none n’UBUGANZA bw’epfo (muri Komini Murambi ,Muhazi,Mukarange na ,Rutonde ho muri Kibungo na Bicumbi ho muri Kigali ).Ubu ni mu Turere twa Rwamagana,Kayonza na Gatsibo .Umwami w’Ubwanacyambwe uzwi cyane ni NKUBA YA NYABAKONJO, nyuma Ingoma y’Ubwanacyambwe nayo yaje kunyagwa na Kigeli Mukobanya, NKUBA YA NYABAKONJO umwami w’Ubwanacyambwe agahungira I Bugufi amaze kuneshwa.Muri icyo gihe nibwo ingoma y’Abongera yazimye burundu.

Ingoma y’u Bugesera

U Bugesera bwari igihugu cy’imigina n’ibishanga by’imifunzo n’ibiguhu biciyemo imigende n’ibinamba by’amasanzure y’Akanyaru n’Akagera.Abami btegekaga u Bugesera bari Abagesera,Ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari INYAMANZA.Agatsinda n’Ingabe y’u Bugesera yitwaga RUKOMBAMAZI, cyari igihugu kirimo ikiyaga cya Mugesera ari naho iryo zina ryakomotse.Naho imfizi y’I Bwami yitwaga RUSHYA .Kikaba cyaritwaga u Bugesera bw ‘Abahondogo .Igihugu cy’u Bugesera kigizwe na komini Kanzenze ,Ngenda na Gashora ho muri Kigali (ubu ni mu Karere ka Bugesera ).Igihugu cy’u Bugesera cyari gituwe n’Abahondogo ,umwami w’u Bugesera wategekaga kugeza butsinzwe n’umwami w’u Rwanda ni NSORO IV NYAMUGETA.Kubera ko intambara yo kwigarurira u Bugesera yashojwe na Mibambwe III Mutabazi II Sentabyo ,yabaye icyorezo cyane hagapfa Abahondogo benshi,Abahondogo nyabo basigaye mu Rwanda ni mbarwa.

Ingoma y’u Bushiru

Ubwami bw’ u Bushiru bwategekwaga n’Abami b’Abagesera,ingoma-ngabe yabo yari NKUNDABASHIRU.Aho bari batuye habarizwa muri komini Karago (Mu Karere ka Nyabihu ).Ubundi amateka akaba agaragaza ko inkomoko yabo ari iyo mu Bagesera b’Abazirakende bo mu Gisaka.

Igihugu cy’u Bushiru cyari igihugu gikaze cyane nubwo cyari gito cyarangwga n’imirwano ikaze y’ibihe byose .Umwami w’ u Rwanda wahigaruriye ni YUHI IV GAHINDIRO.Ariko ntiyahashyira urugo na rumwe ,n’abo yohereje kumuhagararira nabo ntawigeze ahatura kuko bahatinyaga cyane kubera ubugome bwabo buvanze n’uburozi bukaze . U Rwanda rumaze kwadukwamo n’Abazungu, mu mwaka w’1924, Ababiligi niho bategetse Nyangezi kujya kubatwarira u Bushiru we na Musinga babwomekaho Ubwanamwari.Ingoma y’ u Bushiru izima ityo.Dore bamwe mu Bami b’ u Bushiru n’Abami b’ Rwanda bategekeye igihe kimwe.

U BUSHIRU U RWANDA UMWAKA

Gasiga –Ngwabije Cyirima II Rujugira 1740

Nyamakwa I Mudende Kigeli III Ndabarasa 1753

Nyamwanga-Ngumije Mibambwe III Sentabyo 1780

Sangano –Burondwe Yuhi IV Gahindiro 1785

Kibogora-Shyiramberte Mutara II Rwogera 1835

Nyamakwa II Nditunze Kigeli IV Rwabugili 1860

Nyamakwa II Nditunze (yatanze mu w’1938 ) Mibambwe Rutarindwa 1896

Kidahiro Yuhi V Musinga 1897

Kidahiro (yatanze mu w’1954) Mutara III Rudahigwa 1931

Abami b’u Bushiru kimwe n’abandi bami bo mu mujyaruyuru bagengwaga n’umuco w’ubukonde, mu gihe abandi bami (bo mu majyepfo n’iburasirazuba) bagengwaga n’umuco w’ibikingingi n’inka.

Ingoma y’u Bugamba-Kigamba

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Abagesera b’Abahinza.Ingoma –ngabe yabo ikitwa KAYENZI, nyuma yaho yaje kuba IRAVUMERA kubwa NKWAKUZI I RUVUGAMAKE ari nawe mwami w’ikirangirire uzwi cyane mu mateka y’ubwami bwa Bugamba.Babarizwaga muri Komini Kibirira ho muri Gisenyi (ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyabihu).

Ingoma y’I Gisaka

I Gisaka cy’Abazirankende cyarimo impugu eshatu:

-MIGONGO y’iburasirazuba (Komini Rukira na Rusumo ho muri Kibungo). Ubu ni mu Karere ka Kirehe. -GIHUNYA rwagati (komini Kigarama, Kabarondo na Birenga ho Muri Kibungo) ubu ni mu Karere ka Kayonza n’igice cy’akarere ka Ngoma -MIRENGE y’ iburengerazuba (Komini Sake na Mugesera ho muri Kibungo ).ubu ni mu Karere ka Ngoma

I Gisaka cyarigengaga kikagira n’Ingabe yacyo RUKURURA.Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Abagesera. Umwami uzwi cyane mu mateka y’I Gisaka n’uwitwa RUGEYO ZIGAMA.Ariko amaze gutanga abahungu be Mushongore na Ntamwete basubiranyemo barwanira ingoma.Mushongore yitabaza umwami w’u Rwanda Mutara II Rwogera,Ntamwete Rwogera amucura inkumbi aramwica yigarurira atyo I Gisaka.

Ingoma y’u Bugara

Ingoma y’u BUGARA yategekwaga n’Abami b’Abacyaba. .ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari IMPYISI, Ingoma-Ngabe y’Abacyaba yari RUGARA .Icyo gihugu kikabumba ibihugu bikikije ibiyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo (Komini Ruhondo na Cyeru byo mu Ruhengeri ).Ubu ni mu Karere ka Burera.Kigashora muri Mukungwa na Base (muri Komini Kigombe,Nyakinama na Nyamutera ).Ubu ni mu Karere ka Musanze.Kikarenguka mu Ndorwa y’u Bushengero no mu Bufumbira.Muri utwo turere harimo akagiye mu Gihugu cy’Ubugande.Umwami wabo wamamaye ni NZIRA YA MURAMIRA, umwami w’ u Rugara wahiritswe ku mayeri ya Ruganzu Ndoli yigize “Cyambarantama “

Ingoma ya Nduga

Ubwami bwa Nduga bwari ubwa Ababanda ,Ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari IGIKONA,niyo mpamvu bakundaga kuhita mu Nduga y’Ababanda.Ingoma –Ngabe yabo yari “NYABIHINDA “.Nduga y’Ababanda nacyo cyari igihugu kinini kandi gikomeye mu bihe byo hambere.Bakunda kuvuga ngo Nduga ngari ya Gisari na Kibanda.Gisari ni muri Komini Ntongwe (Akarere ka Ruhango ) naho Kibanda ni muri Komini Mushubati (Akarere ka Muhanga ),kubera ko yageraga muri izo mpugu zose.Nduga ngari yari ibumbye Perefegitura ya GITARAMA yose uko yakabaye(Muhanga,Kamonyi,Ruhango) ukongeraho Komini Nyabisindu,Shyanda ,Ntyazo na Muyira ho muri Butare( mu Karere ka Nyanza n’ agace gato ka Huye ). Ababanda bigeze no kwambuka Nyabarongo ku buryo inka zabo bazuhiraga hano mu Muhima wa Kigali.Ababanda wasangaga bari mu gipande gihurutuye kuva mu Rwankeli (Akarere ka Nyabihu) kikagera muri Gitarama unyuze mu Buhoma,mu Bushiru,mu Bukonya, mu Kingogo no mu Ndiza.Ababanda bari bagize kimwe cya gatatu cy’abatuye ako gace.

Umwami wa Nduga y’Ababanda uzwi cyane ni MASHIRA WA NKUBA YA SABUGABO.Akaba yarivuganywe na Sebukwe Mibambwe I Mutabazi I Sekarongoro umwami w’ I Rwanda rwa Gasabo.Mashira amaze gupfa ,bamushyize mu mandwa,akabandwa n’Abantu bari bazi icyo gihugu,buretse nyine “Imfura “.Aha bikaba bigaragara ko yari umuntu ukomeye cyane.Ababanda bari batunze inka nyinshi,umwe mu bamamaye muri ubwo butunzi ni SENTETERI wari utuye ahahoze ari komini Muyira (Ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyanza )ku buryo bazitaga “URUKUBAZUBA”.

Ingoma y’u Bwanamwali

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Ababanda.Ingoma –ngabe yabo ikitwa RUGORUHINDINGOMA.Babarizwaga muri Komini Giciye ho muri Gisenyi (ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyabihu).Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma y’u Buhoma

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Ababanda b’Abahinza. Ingoma –ngabe yabo yari NKANDAGIYABAGOME.Babarizwaga muri Komini Nyamutera ho mu Ruhengeri (ubu ni mu Karere ka Gakenke).Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma y’u Bukonya

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Ababanda.Ingoma –ngabe zabo zari RUBUGA na RUVUGAMAHAME.Babarizwaga muri Komini Gatonde ho mu Ruhengeri (ubu ni mu Karere ka Gakenke)ari naho hari umurwa mukuru wabo.Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma ya Rwankeli y’Abalindi

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Ababanda.Ingoma –ngabe yabo yitwaga KABUCE.Babarizwaga muri Komini Nkuri ho mu Ruhengeri (ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyabihu).Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma ya Rwankeli y’Abaguyane

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Ababanda.Ingoma –ngabe yabo yitwaga NDAHAZE.Babarizwaga muri Komini Kigombe na Kinigi ho mu Ruhengeri (ubu ni mu Karere ka Musanze).Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma y’u Bugoyi

Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Ababanda, Ingoma-ngabe yabo ikaba NYAMWISHYURA. Babarizwaga muri Komini Kanama na Cyanzarwe ho muri Gisenyi (ubu ni mu Karere ka Rubavu).Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma y’u Burera

Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Ababanda, Ingoma-ngabe yabo ikaba BAZARUHABAZE Babarizwaga muri Komini Butaro ho mu Ruhengeri na Mutura ho muri Gisenyi (ubu ni mu Karere ka Burera). Ndetse n’igice gito kiri ku butaka bw’U Buganda mu Bufumbira .Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu

Ingoma ya Kingogo

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Abazigaba b’Abahinza.Ingoma –ngabe yabo ikitwa SIMUGOMWA, ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari INGWE.Babarizwaga muri komini Satinsyi na Gaseke ho muri Gisenyi (ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyabihu) Umurwa mukuru wabo wari I Hindiro na Kabuye muri Satinsyi.Amateka y u Rwanda ntagaragaza neza abami bazwi ku ngoma y’Abanyakingogo.

Ingoma y’ u Bunyanyabungo

Ingoma y’u Bunyabungo yari iherereye mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo muri Kongo. Ingabe y’U Bunyabungo yitwaga Karya-Mahugu, Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Abashi, Umurwa mukuru w’icyo gihugu wari RUSOZI (Bukavu y’ubu) .Umwami wamamaye cyane ku Ngoma y’u Bunyabungo mu gihe cy’ umwaduko w’Ingoma Nyiginya ni NSIBURA NYEBUNGA,akaba yarivuganywe n’igitero cya mbere Ndoli yagabye mu Buyabungo bwa Nsibura Nyebunga wapfakaje u Rwanda ku ngoma ya Se Ndahiro Cyamatare .Intego ya Ruganzu yari iyo guhashya U Bunyabungo akabugusha ruhabo.Ahera ku mpugu z’umweya w’i Kivu uteganye n’Ijwi nyuma naryo ararinesha.Icyo gihe yica Nsibura Nyebunga umwami w’u Bunyabungo yihimura atyo.

Nyuma y’aho ku Ngoma ya Kigeli IV Rwabugili ,u Bunyabungo bwongeye kwigomeka ku Rwanda , kuko Ndoli ntabwo yari yarakigaruriye burundu,ahubwo yakirekeye Abami baho ,baragitegeka ,bakajya bamuzanira amakoro.Icyo gihe Rwabugili yagabyeyo igitero cyari kigamije kurwanya BYATERANA Umwami w’u Bunyabungo wari utuye ku Buntubuzindu.Ubwo Abashi banesha igitero cy’Abanyarwanda cyari kigizwe n’imitwe ibiri gusa.Abacitse ku icumu bagobokwa n’umurishyo w’ingoma zasukiye ku Nteko zigakanga Abanyabungo bagasubira bakavunura.

Rwabugili ntiyashizwe, yagabyeyo ikindi gitero.Icyo gitero cyo ku Rusozi ariyo Bukavu y’ubu, cyari kigamije gufata mpiri Rutaganda n’Umugabekazi Mugeni Gahwijima, kikanyaga Ingabe y’U Bunyabungo Karya-Mahugu, kugirango u Rwanda rwigarurire by’imvaho u Bunyabungo.Rutaganda na Nyina bari bahungiye ahantu ho muri Bishugi mu majyepfo y’UBunyabungo, kwa Katabirurwa.Igitero cyica Katabirurwa, gifata mpiri Umugabekazi, Rutaganda abagaragu be baramucikana.Ingoma-Ngabe y’u Bunyabungo Karya-Mahugu barayinyaga ,Ingoma y’u Bunyabungo izima ityo.

Ingoma y’ u Buhunde

Ingoma y’u Buhunde yari iherereye mu Ntara ya Kivu y’amajyaruguru muri Kongo, Abami b’icyo Gihugu bari Abahunde, amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Ingoma –Ngabe y’icyo gihugu, umurwa mukuru wabo wari Butembo ariyo Goma y’ubu.Umwami wAbahunde wamamaye cyane ku mwaduko w’Ingoma Nyiginya ni MUVUNYI wa KALINDA wivuganywe n’igitero cyagabwe na Kigeli Rwabugili. Iki gitero cyari icyo « Kumvisha » MUVUNYI wa Kalinda, Umwami w’u Buhunde wanyaze « Imisagara  »yagishiye i Kamuronsi.Icyo gihe Rwabugili yica Muvunyi wa Kalinda Umwami w’u Buhunde, agaruza n’inka bari banyaze, Ingoma y’u Buhunde nayo izima ityo.

Ingoma y’Ijwi

U Bwami bw’Ijwi bwari buherereye mu Kivu rwagati, Ijwi akaba ari ikirwa kirumbaraye mu Kivu.Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Abashi.Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Ingoma –Ngabe y’Ingoma y’Ijwi.Umwami wamamaye ku Ngoma y’ikirwa cy’Ijwi ku mwaduko w’Ingoma Nyiginya ni KABEGO, akaba yarivuganywe n’igitero cya mbere Rwabugili yagabye kuri icyo kirwa.

Ibitero byo ku Ijwi, byagabwaga mu mato y’indere aturira abantu 10, n’ay’inkuge aturira abarenze 20, « Icumbi » ikaba imisego begamira, cyangwa se intebe z’abasare bavugama .Iki gitero cya mbere cyo ku Ijwi, cyari kibasiye KABEGO Umwami wo ku Ijwi wishwe na Rwanyonga rwa Mugabwambere.

Hashize igihe kirekire Kigeli yarigaruriye Ijwi ryaramuyobotse, Nkundiye waryo aza kurigandisha, Rwabugili agabayo igitero cya kabiri .Iki gitero cya Kabiri cyari kibasiye icyo kigande .NKUNDIYE amaze gushoberwa ingabo zimusatiriye aho yahungiye mu kirwa cy’i Shovu, yiroha mu Kivu Ijwi rirayoboka.Ingoma y’Ijwi nayo izima ityo.

Ingoma ya Ankole

Ingoma ya Ankole yari iherereye mu mu majyepfo y’igihugu cy’u Bugande, Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Abanyankole b’Abahima,Umurwa mukuru w’icyo gihugu wari Mbarara.Amateka ntagaragaza Ingoma –Ngabe yaho.Umwami wamamaye cyane ku mwaduko w’Ingoma Nyiginya ni NTARE IV RWAMIGEREKA wivuganywe n’igitero cyagabwe na Kigeli Rwabugili.Icyo gitero cyari kibasiye Ntare IV Rwamigereka Umwami w’i Nkole wari wanyaze Inyambo z’i Rwanda, agatwika ingoro y’i Rutaraka hafi ya Nyagatare.Kigeli Rwabugili yari i Bunyabungo n’ingabo ze, nibwo avunuye atera i Nkole, yigarurira umurwa Mbarara, Rwamigereka yari yahunze, amenesha Imigogo y’Abanyankole, agarika Ingogo ( iyo yari imitwe y’ingabo za Ankole ), imbunda zabo zahindutse ibifuma.Ingoma ya Ankole izima ityo.

Ingoma y’u Rweya

Ingoma –Ngabe yabo yitwaga SERA.Icyo gihugu cyategekwaga n’Abami b’Abazigaba baje baturutse mu ntara z’ikiyaga cya Vigitoriya, bityo hakaba hari ahandi hatuye abazigaba benshi nk’I Karagwe muri Tanzaniya.

Umwami wategekaga Abazigaba mu mwaduko w’ingoma Nyiginya yari KABEJA, umwami wo mu RWEYA (Mubari: Komini Ngarama).Ubu ni mu Karere ka Gatsibo.

Ingoma y’I Ndorwa

Igihugu cyo mu Ndorwa cyari icy ‘Abashambo bakomokaga kuri Mushambo wa Kanyandorwa I Sabugabo,.Ingoma –ngabe yabo yitwaga MURORWA.Babarizwaga muuri Komini Giti,Rutare,Muhura,Muvumba ho muri Byumba.Ni ukuvuga ayo makomini n’uduce tw’Umutara twose turi mu majyaruguru y’ u Rwanda kugeza ku mupaka warwo n’igihugu cy’ Ubugande.(ubu ni mu Turere twa Gatsibo,Gicumbi na Nyagatare ) Babarizawaga nanone muri Komini Kivuye ,Cyumba ,Cyungo ho muri Byumba (Ubu ni mu Karere ka Gicumbi).Umwami uzwi cyane mu mateka y’ubwami bwa Ndorwa ni MUSHAMBO GAHAYA I MUZORA.Akaba ari nawe waguye ku rugamba ubwo umwami Cyilima II Rujugira yoherezaga umuhungu we w’Igikomangoma Ndabarasa gutera Ndorwa .Ndabarasa ntiyatindiganyije aba acuze inkumbi Mushambo Gahaya umwami w’ I Ndorwa.Icyo gihe bigarurira ingabe yabo Murorwa.Ubwami bwa Ndorwa butangira kuyoboka u Rwanda n’impugu zayo zirimo Mpororo (ho mu Bugande), Umutara n’Umubari,Abashambo baho baba isanga n’ingoyi n’Abanyiginya b’I Gasabo.Ingoma Ndorwa izima ityo.

Ingoma ya Kibari

Abami b’icyo gihugu ni Abega. Ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari IGIKERI.Nta ngoma –ngabe yabo izwi kugeza ubu.Babarizwaga muri Komini Nyarutovu, Gatonde na Cyabingo, ho mu Ruhengeri (ubu ni mu Karere ka Gakenke) umurwa mukuru wabo wari I Gihinga cya Nyarutovu.Amateka akaba atagaragaza neza Abami bategetse icyo gihugu.

Ingoma y’ I Gasabo

Abami b’i Gasabo bari Abanyiginya, ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari UMUSAMBI. Na none muri ako karere niho hari amariba maremare na magari y’Abami b’inka : Mutara na Cyirima.Iriba Kabyaza ryari mu mibande ya nyamweru iteganye na Kigali, n’iriba rya Rwezangoro ryari mu miko ya Muhima, mu mabega ya Nyarugenge, haberaga imihango y’inzira y’ishora.

Ku ngoma ya RUGANZU I BWIMBA ahasaga mu w’1312, niho ingoma –Nyiginya yitiriwe u Rwanda .Umurwa mukuru wayo wari Gasabo, bikaba n’inkomoko y’imvugo « RWANDA RUGARI RWA GASABO ».U Rwanda rwa Gasabo muri ibyo bihe rwari rukikijwe n’ibihugu bitatu bikomeye : Ingoma y’ I Gisaka, Ingoma y’i Ndorwa n’iy’Ubugesera. Gihanga akimara kwima ikirangabwami cye cyari “INYUNDO” Yakomeje kwitwa “Inyundo ya Gihanga mu mateka karande y’u Rwanda na Nyamiringa: “Urusengo rwa Gihanga”

Nyuma iyo ndangabutegetsi ya Gihanga yaje gusimburwa n’Ingoma –Ngabe “RWOGA “,ari nayo ngoma ya mbere ndangabwami y’Abanyiginya.Aha twabibutsa ko ,Ingoma –Nyiginya yari itetse mu Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo ari naho hari umurwa mukuru wayo.

Ubwo umwami w’i Bunyabungo ,Nsibura I Nyebunga ateye u Rwanda akarwigarurira ku Ngoma ya Ndahiro Cyamatare ahasaga mu w’1477 ,yanyaze ingabe Rwoga ,iyayo “CYIMUMUGIZI”Gitandura ( yari Ingabekazi) ayibundisha mu Rutaka rwa Muhanga hafi y’umudugudu wa Gitarama.Aho Ruganzu Ndoli yimiye mu w’1510,Rwoga yari yaranyazwe n’Umunyabungo Nsibura Nyebunga,Abiru bayisimbuza indi ngoma nshyashya “NANGAMADUMBU ” yari isanzwe ari indamutsa ya Ruganzu Ndoli.

KALINGA niyo yasimbuye Rwoga iba indanga-bwami mu Rwanda kuva ku ngoma ya Ruganzu II Ndori kugeza mu w’1962, ubwo ingoma ya cyami yasezererwaga mu Rwanda rugahinduka Repuburika.

Ruganzu Ndori aho aviriye i Karagwe kwa Nyirasenga Nyabunyana,aho yari yarahungishirijwe muri ya midugararo ya se Ndahiro Cyamatara ,yimitse Kalinga ho Ingabe isimbura Rwoga.Naho Ingabekezi Cyimumugizi ,yari yarabundishijwe isimburwa na Nangamadumbu yari isanzwe ari indamutsa ya Ruganzu Ndori

Kugirango Kalinga itazaba inshike nka Rwoga bayiremeye inshungu ebyiri:Bariba na Karihejuru,ziremwaho insimbura-ngabe.Nyuma yaho Kigeli Rwabugili aziremeraho: -Mpatsibihugu -Kiragutse -Icyumwe -Butare

Izo zose zikaba zarahiriye ku ntambara yo ku Rucunshu.

U Rwanda rwa Gasabo rwari rugizwe n’impugu ziri hagati ya Base na Nyabarongo,na Nyabugogo na Muhazi,arizo :

• UBUSARASI (Akarere k’abasare) bwabyaye u Bumbogo
• UBURIZA, UBUYAGA N’UBUSIGI

Muri izo mpugu z’u Rwanda rwa kera , niho dusanga imirwa ya mbere y’Abami : -NKUZUZU na KIGALI mu Bwanacyambwe -RUGANDA mu Busarasi -KARAMBO na RUKORE mu Busigi -REMERA y’Abaforongo mu Buriza Ni naho hari imisezero y’Abami: -Ruhanga mu Busarasi -Kayenzi mu Busigi -Butangampundu mu Buriza -Rutare mu Buyaga

.Dore bamwe mu bami b’u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo bazwi mu mateka yarwo, baba Abami b’umushumi cyangwa se abami b’ibitekerezo. AMACISHIRIZO Y’INGOMA Z’ABAMI KUVA MU MWAKA W’1000 KUGEZA MU W’1960

1. Gihanga I Ngomijana (1091-1124)

2. Kanyarwanda Gahima (1124-1157)

3. Yuhi I Musindi (1157-1180)

4. Ndahiro I Ruyange (1180-1213)

5. Ndoba (1213-1246)

6. Samembe (1246-1279)

7. Nsoro I Samukondo (1279-1312)

8. Ruganzu I Bwimba (1312-1345)

9. Cyilima I Rugwe (1345-1378)

10. Kigeli I Mukobanya (1378-1411)

11. Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi I (1411-1444)

12. Yuhi II Gahima II (1444-1477)

13. Ndahiro II Cyamatare (1477-1510)

14. Ruganzu II Ndoli (1510-1543)

15. Mutara I Nsoro II Semugeshi 1543-1576)

16. Kigeli II Nyamuheshera (1576-1609)

17. Mibambwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura (1609-1642)

18. Yuhi III Mazimpaka (1642-1675)

19. Cyilima II Rujugira (1675-1708)

20. Kigeli III Ndabarasa (1708-1741)

21. Mibambwe III Mutabazi II Sentabyo (1741-1746)

22. Yuhi IV Gahindiro (1746-?......)

23. Mutara II Rwogera (1830-1853)

24. Kigeli IV Rwabugili (1853-1895)

25. Yuhi V Musinga (1895-1931)

26. Mutara III Rudahigwa (1931-1959)

27. Kigeli V Ndahindurwa (1959-1960)

Ibyo akaba aribyo bihugu byari bigize u Rwanda rwo ha mbere rutaratangira kwigarurirwa n’ingoma Nyiginya yari ifite ikicaro mu Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo,bikarema u Rwanda dufite ubu ,nubwo rwagabanyijwe n’abazungu b’abakoroni mu w’1916 ,igice kimwe bakacyomeke kuri Kongo ,ikindi k’u Bugande,ikindi kuri Tanzaniya,ikindi kikomekwa k’u Burundi .Bitwaje icyo bise imbibe karemano zirimo Ibirunga,Akanyaru,Akagera n’ikiyaga cya Kivu.

Icyitonderwa

Iyo ugenzuye ugasesengura neza amateka y’Abami bategetse ibihugu byari bigize uru Rwanda tuzi ubu, Abasinga nibo bari bafite igice kinini cy’u Rwanda.Kuko bari bafite ibihugu byinshi bayobora birimo : BURIZA, BWANACYAMBWE,NDUGA (baje kuyamburwa n’Ababanda) BUNYAMBIRIRI,BWISHAZA,UBUDAHA,BUKUNZI ,BUSOZO ,BWITO,BYAHI na KARUMONGI ho muri Kongo ,BURWI N’ahandi ,kubw’ibyo .ubaze wasanga Abasinga aribo benshi mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda.Hakurikiragaho Ababanda, bari bafite ibihugu birimo :NDUGA,BWANAMWARI,BUHOMA,BUKONYA,BUGOYI,RWANKERI Y’ABARINDI,RWANKERI Y’ABAGUYANE na BURERA.Hagakurikiraho Abagesera ,baribafite ibihugu byarimo :BUGESERA,BUSHIRU,BUGAMBA-KIGAMBA n’i GISAKA.Hagakurikiraho Abenengwe ,bakaba bari bafite igihugu kimwe kitwa UBUNGWE.Hagakurikiraho Abazigaba ,bari bafite ibihugu birimo :RWEYA na KINGOGO.Hagakurikiraho Abashambo bari bafite igihugfu kimwe kitwa NDORWA.Hagakurikiraho Abacyaba ,bategekaga igihugu cya RUGARA .Hakazaho Abega bategekaga ingoma ya KIBALI .Hagaheruka Abanyiginya bategakaga i GASABO.

Icyo twazirikana ahangaha, nuko Abasinga, Ababanda, Abenengwe, Abongera, Abazigaba, Abahinda n’Abagara, bakomoka ku Bahima.Ikindi kandi, nubwo Ingoma Nyiginya y’i Gasabo ariyo yari ntoya cyane ntibyayibujije kwigarurira ibihugu byinshi byari bigize u ru Rwanda tubona ubu.Ndetse baza kuyobora uru Rwanda bafatanyije n’Abega nabo bakurikirabnaga mu buke no mu kuyobora uduhugu duto .Muri ibyo byose bigaragara ko nta bwinshi bw’abaturage bari bafite,ahubwo icyo barushaga andi mahanga ni « KURWANA ISHYAKA NO GUKORERA KU NTEGO  »

Hifashishijwe

• Un abrege de l’Ethino- Histoire du Rwanda,Butare 1972 (KAGAME Alexis)
• Inganji Kalinga I, Kabgayi 1943(KAGAME Alexis)
• Amateka y’Afurika, Kigali 1987(MUREKUMBANZE Gr.)
• Le Rwanda ancien et modern,Kabgayi 1959 (LOUIS de Lacger)
• Le Bushiru et son Muhinza (M.Pauwels)
• Ingoma I Rwanda(P.SIMPENZWE Gaspard)