Kanjogera ni muntu ki ?
Umunsi umwe ngo Nyiramashyongoshyo yarebye Rwakagara wari umutware w’Uruyange n’Ingeyo (yombi ni imitwe y’ingabo), maze ngo aravuga ati: “Rwakagara ni umutware ubereye ingabo ariko hari icyo abuze ngo abonere rwose”. Ibi ngo yashakaga kuvuga ko uyu mutware abura imirire myiza dore ko ngo yari ananutse byabuze akagero kandi ari umwana w’ingoma.
Nyiramavugo rero ngo yararebye abona nta wundi wamwitaho keretse Nyiramashyongoshyo wari warabashije kubibona, maze ategeka musaza we Rwakagara kumucyura maze babyarana abandi bana biyongera kuri Bicunda yari yarabyaranye n’uwamurongoye.Nyiramashyongoshyo yabyaranye na Rwakagara abana barimo Kanjogera, Cyigenza, Mbanzabigwi se wa Kayondo na Kankazi Mukamusinga.Gusa uyu Rwakagara yari afite abandi bana barimo Kabare, Ruhinankiko, Ruhinajoro n’abandi yabyaranye n’Urujeni rwa Gahindiro. Ubusanzwe iyo umwami yageraga igihe cyo kurongora, batumaga ku batware bose bo mu gihugu maze bakararika ingo zabaga zizwimo abakobwa b’uburanga maze bakarimbishwa bakaza kumurikirwa umwami nawe akihitiramo uwo ashaka.Abo umwami yatoranyaga bararagurizwaga, aberejwe bakarongorwa na Nyamugirubutangwa (umwami), abasigaye bose bitwaga “imirerwa”maze bakaguma i bwami, umwami akazabagabira uwo ashaka yaba umwe mu bana be cyangwa umutware yishimiye.
Kanjogera rero we siko byagenze kuko igihe se Rwakagara yageraga mu za bukuru, yasohoje i bwami umwe mu bahungu be witwaga Giharamagara maze ategeka ko ari we uzamuzungura ku ntebe y’ubutware bw’ingabo.Giharamagara amaze kuyobokwa n’imitwe Se yatwaraga yatereye agati mu ryinyo maze yibagirwa se Rwakagara, ntiyaba akimugezaho injyemu ndetse yanahisha akagwa ntamugenere intango. Ibyo byatumye Rwakagara yicuza icyatumye amwegurira intebe y’ubutware ariko asanga amazi yararenze inkombe kuko atashoboraga gusubira i bwami ngo yivuguruze ku byo yari yarivugiye ubwe ngo Giharamagara anyagwe intebe yahawe ku manywa nyaruhangari. Rwakagara yarimbishije umukobwa we Kanjogera wari ukiri muto kandi afite ikibenguko (uburanga) amujyana i bwami aherekejwe n’imbyeyi y’umushishe asanga Rwabugili i Bweramvura bwa Kinihira mu Kabagali,aravunyisha maze abwira Rwabugili ko amuhaye ayo maturo kandi ko aje gusezera.Gusa yongeraho ko ngo naramuka apfuye bazamenya ko azize murenguzi (inzara) atewe n’ umuhungu we Giharamagara.
Rwabugili amaze kwerera nyina Murorunkwere (reba innyandiko ku rupfu rw’Umugabekazi Murorunkwere) ashoka arongora Kanjogera ndetse aranamukundwakaza by’akaburarugero kuko yamugabiye ingo zigera kuri esheshatu. Ibi byatumye rubanda bamuhimbira igisingizo cya”Tende rya Ngobe, Nyonga ya Mishenyi, Nyirakaragwe uw’akarago kera, Injoge ya Rutajomwa mu Bakobwa”
Kanjogera yaje kubyara umuhungu w’ikinege ariwe Musinga.Gusa bamwe mu banyamateka bavuga ko Musinga atari uwe kuko bemeza ko yari ingumba. Ibi ngo babishingira ko nta wundi mwana yabyaye kandi yari akiri muto.Musinga ngo yaba yaramubyariwe n’umuja we maze akamwiyitirira.
Urwangano rw’Abega n’Abanyiginya rwaturutse kuri Rwabugili
Ubwo Kigeli IV Rwabugili yagabaga igitero mu Buganda kwa Ntare ya Cwa, abazungu ngo baba baramufungiye mu nzu abenshi mu bitekerezo bitiranya n’urutare.Icyo gihe ngo yatumye kuri Rutalindwa na mwene nyina Muhigirwa ngo agire icyo ababwira maze intumwa igahura na Kabare mbere y’uko isohoza ubutumwa kuri bene wabo.Kabare rero ngo yahise ajya inyuma y’urugi rw’inzu Rwabugili yarimo maze Rwabugili nawe amuvugisha agira ngo ni Rutalindwa, amusaba ko ngo natanga bazica abega bakabikiza. Ibyo Kabare wari umwega yarabitwaye maze urwango rushibuka ubwo.Bidateye kabiri Rwabugili yaratanze maze Abiru bimika Mibambwe Rutalindwa ndetse yimana na Nyiramibamwe Kanjogera, kuko Nyiraburunga wari nyina wa Rutalindwa yari yarapfuye.
Ese imitegekere ya Mibambwe Rutalindwa yabaye iyihe?
Mu Rwanda rwa kera ubutegetsi bwari bushingiye ku ngoma ya cyami, nta matora yabagaho. Umwami wimaga ingoma yagenwaga n’ubwiru kandi icyemezo ntikivuguruzwe.Ubusanzwe iyo umwami yatangaga ni ukuvuga apfuye yasimburwaga n’undi. Gutanga ni ugutanga ingoma ukayihereza undi. Uyihawe bakavuga ko yimye ingoma. Ese yayimaga nde? Ni ukuvuga ko nta muntu uwo ari we wese washoboraga kuyirwanira n’uwo uyihawe kuko amategeko y’ubwiru atabimwemereraga.
Nyamara ariko n’ubwo Abiru bagenaga uzasimbura umwami, ntihaburaga intambara zo kurwanira ubutegetsi zabagaho. Ayo makimbirane hagati y’abavandimwe niyo bita ubwiko.Twatanga urugero rwa bamwe mu bami bimye bamaze kurwanira ingoma, cyangwa bayirwaniye bamaze kuyihabwa.
Umwami Yuhi Gahima mwene Matama ya Bigega yabanje kurwana na bene se, aribo bene Shetsa, umugore w’inkundwakazi wa Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi .Mibambwe III Sentabyo yimitswe na se Kigeli III Ndabarasa, ariko hanyuma ntibyamubujije kurwanira ingoma na Gasenyi mwene se ndetse na Gatarabuhura wari ushyigikiwe na Rukali, umutoni wa Kigeli III Ndabarasa.Uretse n’aba, Kigeli IV Rwabugili yarwaniye ingoma na Nyamwesa mwene Mutara Rwogera. Kuba rero Mibambwe Rutalindwa yararwaniye ingoma na Yuhi Musinga mu ntambara yo ku Rucunshu ntawe byatangaza.Gusa iyi ntambara ni imwe mu zamenyekanye cyane kuko yahitanye umwami warazwe ingoma kandi urebye nyinshi mu zabayeho zarahitanaga abarwanyije uwayirazwe.
Benshi mu banyarwanda bafata iyi ntambara yabaye mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1896 nk’igitekerezo.Nyamara siko biteye kuko aho hantu hitwa ku Rucunshu habaho akaba ari mu bice bya Muhanga werekeza za Shyogwe. Iyi ntambara ya Rucunshu ngo yaba yarahereye i Ngeli muri Nyaruguru,aho Kigeri IV Rwabugili yimikaga Mibambwe Rutalindwa ndetse n’ imihango yose ikubahirizwa. Uyu Rutalindwa yimitswe ari mu kigero cy’imyaka nka 22 kandi afite abana batatu ari bo Nyamuheshera, Sekarongoro na Rangira.Irage ry’abami n’umurage w’ingoma, kimwe mu bice byari bigize ubwiru, Rwabugili yabishinze Abiru b’inkoramutima nka Bisangwa bya Rugombituri na murumuna we Sehene ndetse na Mugugu wa Shumbusho akaba umutware w’ingabo z’Abarasa. Aba rero ngo yabashinze kuzashyigikira Mibambwe Rutalindwa, anabaraga iby’izungura.
Nk’uko tamateka abigaragaza, nyina wa Rutalindwa ariwe Nyiraburunga yari yarishwe na Rwabugili ahorera nyina Murorunkwere wari waratanze yishwe abeshyewe ngo aratwite kandi cyaraziraga ku Mugabekazi. Ibyo byatumye Rwabugili aha Mibambwe Rutalindwa “umugabekazi w’umutsindirano” ariwe Kanjogera. Nyina wa Rutalindwa, ari we Nyiraburunga, n’ubwo bwose yari yarapfuye mbere y’uko umuhungu we yima ingoma yari umukonokazi. Umugabekazi w’icyitiriro wa Rutalindwa ariwe Nyiramibambwe Kanjogera yari Umwegakazi kandi Abega n’Abakono ntibacanaga uwaka.Kuba Kigeli Rwabugili yarakoze ibi nta kuntu bitashoboraga gukurura umwuka mubi muri iyi miryango kuko Kanjogera yari umwega adahuje ubwoko n’uwo abereye umugabekazi.Byongeye kandi Kanjogera nawe yari afite umwana w’umuhungu Musinga washoboraga gutegeka, cyane ko nyina yari n’inkundwakazi kuri Rwabugili.
Abega rero ngo babonye Rwabugili akoze ibyo biyemeza gucyura ingoma ibwega bimika umuhungu wabo Musinga. Uwo mugambi ukaba waracuzwe ahanini na Kanjogera na basaza be aribo Kabare na Ruhinankiko, ndetse na Rwidegembya rwa Cyingenza cya Rwakagara. Wari Umwisengeneza wa Kanjogera.Kugira ngo uyu mugambi wo guhirika Rutalindwa ugerweho abamurwanya bahereye ku mayeri yo kumumaraho amaboko yari amushyigikiye. Ni ukuvuga kwikiza bamwe mu bikomerezwa byari bimuri inyuma nka Bisangwa, Sehene, Mugugu wa Shumbusho na Muhamyangabo.
Bisangwa wari umutware w’Ingangurarugo yaguye mu rugamba i Shangi yoherejwe kurwanya abasirikari bari bavuye muri Kongo yari ubukonde bwa Lewopolidi II, umwami w’Ababiligi. Mu gihe bamwe bahungaga barimo na bene Rwabugili, uyu Bisangwa ngo yaba yarivugiye ubwe ati: “Mpunze mva mu mahanga ngana i Rwanda, byakumvikana none ubwo ndi mu Rwanda ahandi nahunga ngana ni he?”
Sehene wari umaze kugabana ibya mukuru we Bisangwa ngo yagiriye inama Rutalindwa yo kwikiza Musinga akamwica, kugira ngo ijuru ry’ibwami ryari ryuje ibihu by’inzangano n’ubutiriganya ritamuruke, ariko biba kugosorera mu rucaca kuko ngo Rutalindwa yumvaga atatinyuka kwica murumuna we. Sehene uyu yaguye mu gico cy’abantu bararitswe na Kabare baramwica nyuma y’uko abega bamenye ko yashatse kugambanira Musinga.
Mugugu wa Shumbusho umwe mu nkoramutima zo kwa Rutalindwa, Kanjogera, Kabare na Ruhinankiko ngo babanje kumwangisha umwami Rutalindwa, nawe yemera amabwire aramutanga abo Bega bohereza ingabo zo kumutsinda iwe. Nawe agerageza kwirwanaho, Abatwa be bamukomeraho, abonye yagirijwe yitwikira mu nzu hamwe n’abe n’abavandimwe be barimo Semukamba na Karwanyi.
Naho Muhamyangabo mwene Byabagabo wari umunyiginya w’umugunga akaba yari ashinzwe urugo rw’mwami rw’i Kigali rwacungwaga na Musomandera muka Rutalindwa, yagiranye amatiku na nyirabuja maze Musomandera yumvisha umugabo we ko Muhamyangabo agomba gupfa.Bidatinze Rutalindwa yatanze uwo mutware hamwe n’umuvandimwe we Ndabahimye na Mujuguri umuhungu we. Igihe bari bamujyanye, Muhamyangabo ngo yaravuze ati: “Ndi amakoma ngiye gusasira amakombe”. Yari azi ko Mibambwe IV Rutalindwa wari umaze kumutanga, azamukurikira bidatinze hamwe n’ibindi bikomerezwa.Abo bose bavuzwe haruguru ni bamwe mu nkoramutima za Rutalindwa zari zimushyigikiye kandi zashoboraga kumurasanira igihe ruhinanye.
Ikindi abadashyigikiye Rutalindwa bakoze, ni ugushaka amaboko kugira ngo umugambi wabo ubashe kugerwaho. Abari muri uyu mugambi ngo bagerageje kumvisha bene Rwabugili batagize amahirwe yo guhabwa Kalinga ko batagomba kwivanga muri iyo ntambara.Ni ukuvuga ko niba badashyigikiye Musinga,batagira aho babogamira.Icyo kigare cyatwaye Nshozamihigo watwaraga mu Marangara, Sharangabo umutware mu Buganza, Cyitatire umutware mu Bwanamukali na Baryinyonza murumuna wa Rutalindwa.Uyu ngo yemeye gutatira umuvandimwe we yibwira ko nta cyo azaba naho uwitwa Muhigirwa we ngo yemeye kubogamira kuri Musinga rwihishwa.
Iyi nkubiri kandi ngo no mu Biru ntiyahatanzwe kuko icyo gihe Abiru bari bubashywe na rubanda,bivuze ko byari ngombwa kwiyegereza bamwe muri bo. Babanje kwiyegereza umutware w’Abiru bose, ari we Rukangirashyamba rwa Kanyamuhungu kuko ari we wari ufite umwanya wa kabiri mu cyubahiro nyuma y’ “abami” (umwami n’umugabekazi). Uretse n’ibyo kandi uyu mugabo yari umutsobe byumvikana ko abatsobe bose bahise babogamira kuri Musinga. Rukangirashyamba uwo yahise agororerwa gutwara i Gisaka cy’i Mirenge. Usibye ko abiru bose, batari ku ruhande rwa Musinga kuko hariho n’abari bashyigikiye Rutalindwa barimo uwitwa Rutikanga rwa Nkuriyingoma akaba umusindi w’umutege.Nyuma yo gutegura umugambi wo guhirika Rutalindwa hakurikiyeho kuwushyira mu bikorwa. Icyo gihe ibwami bari bacumbitse i Rukaza ku musozi witwa Rucunshu ya Nyamabuye (ni nko mu birometero bitanu uvuye mu majyepfo ya Kabgayi; ubu ni mu karere ka Muhanga mu murenge wa Shyogwe). Ibwami ngo bari bahacumbitse by’igihe gito mu gihe bagitegereje ko urugo rw’i Rwamiko, hepfo ya Shyogwe rwuzura ngo abe ariho bajya gutura.
Bamwe bavuga ko imbarutso y’urugamba yaturutse ku bana barwanaga, abandi ngo ni ku nzuki zasandajwe. Ibyo aribyo byose, impande zombi zari ziteguye kurwana kuko ari abashyigikiye Musinga ari n’abari bashyigikiye Rutalindwa bari bazi ko isaha n’isaha bashobora guterwa.Ibyo rero byatumaga buri ruhande ruhora rwiteguye.Urugamba rwamaze kurema, abarwanira Mibambwe IV Rutalindwa basatira inzu y’umugabekazi Kanjogera ari kumwe na Musinga barayigota ku buryo ngo Kanjogera yashatse no kwiyahura hamwe n’umuhungu we, maze Kabare akababuza.
Muri icyo gihe gusa uruhande rwa Musinga rwaje gutabarwa na Rwamanywa rwa Mirimo Umwega w’umuhenda,waje ayoboye ingabo zitwa Abatanyagwa zikaba zari ziturutse mu Budaha. Izo ngabo ngo zateye abarwaniriraga Rutalindwa icyorezo kibi, zirabashushubikanya zibageza ku ngoro ya Rutalindwa zirayigota. Ibyo byatumye umwami abona ko byamurangiriyeho, yinjira mu nzu arifungirana maze hamwe n’umugore we Kanyonga, abahungu be batatu na bamwe mu bayoboke be bitwikiramo. Icyo gihe Kabare ngo yahise aterura Musinga amushyira hejuru, abwira imbaga ihagaze mu mirambo ati: “ Rubanda, dore umwami w’ukuri Rwabugili yaraze ingoma, ni Yuhi Musinga, naho Rutalindwa yari yarigize icyigomeke cyihaye ingoma” . Abari aho bamubwiye ko ingoma z’ingabe zahiriye mu ngoro ya Rutalindwa maze Kabare nibwo ngo yabasubije ati: “Haguma umwami, ingoma irabazwa” . Intambara yo ku Rucunshu yateje ingaruka mu gihugu Ingaruka ya mbere yatewe n’iyi ntambara yo ku Rucunshu ni uko yatesheje agaciro ingoma y’ingabe Kalinga. Muri icyo gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami nta muntu washoboraga kubahuka KaLinga, ndetse iyi ngoma yasumbaga umwami ubwe igahabwa icyubahiro cyihariye.Kabare we yabaye nk’uhindura imyumvire abanyarwanda bari bafite kuri iyo ngoma ubwo yiyamiriraga ati “haguma umwami ingoma irabazwa”. Aho ngaho yashakaga kumvikanisha ko ikiri ngombwa ari ukubona umwami usimbura uwari umaze gupfa naho ko ingoma ari igiti, bashoboraga kubaza indi.
Ikindi kandi iyi ntambara yateje urujijo mu kumenya ukuri ku bwami bwa Yuhi Musinga. Abamushyirishijeho bemezaga ko Rutalindwa atari we mwami w’ukuri wagombaga guhabwa ingoma. Nyamara ariko wareba no kuri Musinga ugasanga abamwimitse barabyemezaga nkana kuko bari bazi neza ukuri aho kuri. Mu igena ry’uruhererekane rw’abami byari biteganyijwe ko izina Yuhi rikurikira irya Mibambwe. Kuba rero abishe Mibambwe IV Rutalindwa barahaye Musinga izina ry’ubwami rya Yuhi, ni ukuvuga ko bamwemeraga nk’umwami wemewe n’amategeko y’ubwiru.
Icya gatatu cyakurikiye intambara yo ku Rucunshu ni ukugororera abayoboke bafashije Musinga kujya ku butegetsi. Ukurikije ubwoko usanga abahazamukiye cyane ari Abega, Abatsobe n’ Abanyiginya batitabiriye gushyigikira Rutalindwa. Abakono bo babaye nk’ibicibwa mu Rwanda kuko bamwe muri bo bahungiye muri Uganda. Mu myaka ya 1910, bamwe mu bega bavugwaga ko bakungahaye twavuga nka Kabare, Rwidegembya, Kayondo, Rwubusisi, Mpetamacumu, Nyirinkwaya n’abandi. Ntawabura kandi kuvuga ko nyuma y’iyi ntambara habaye igikorwa cyo guhora no kwikiza abagome b’ingoma. Kuva mu w’1896 kugeza mu w’1908 hari abo mu bwoko bw’abanyiginya bishwe bazira intambara yo ku Rucunshu, abandi baranyagwa.Ingero twatanga ni Abakusi mu mwaka w’1905, Rwabilinda mu mwaka wa 1905.Uretse abo banyazwe hari n’abandi bagiye bagirirwa nabi barimo nk’uwitwa Kayijuka bashiririje amaso.
Ngayo amateka ya Kanjogera w’Injonge wakundwakajwe na Rwabugili,akaba n’umutekereza w’akaburarugero w’Intambara yo ku Rucunshu ,benshi bafata nk’aho yari umugome by’akaburarugero, bitewe n’ibikorwa bimuvugwaho byaba ukuri cyangwa se ibihimbano.
