Pariki y'Ibirunga

Ingagi muri Pariki y'Ibirunga

Pariki y’Ibirunga ni agace gaherereye mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru, kazengurutswe n’ibirunga bya Karisimbi; Bisoke na Mikeno. Ni yo ya mbere yashinzwe muri Afurika mu mwaka w’1925. Mu w’1929, Abakoloni b’Ababiligi bategekege ibi bihugu byombi, baguye imbibi z’iyi pariki mu Rwanda no muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, mu rwego rwo gushyiraho Pariki Nasiyonali ya Albert igizwe n’igice cy’ikiyagamure kibarirwa ku bugari bwa kilometerokare 8090.

Nyuma y’ubwigenge bwa Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo mu mwaka w’1960, iyi pariki yagabanijwemo ibice bibiri. Nyuma y’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda bwo mu w’1962, guverinoma nshya yemeye kugumishaho iyi pariki nk’agace ko kurindiramo inyamaswa ndetse no guteza imbere ubukerarugendo, n’ubwo ubu butakabwari bukenewe ngo butuzwemo abaturage. Iyi pariki yaje kugabanywamo kabiri mu w’1969.

Diana Fossey agera muri iyi pariki

Diana Fossey bakunze kwita Nyiramacibiri

‎Iyi pariki yaje kuba intangiriro y’ubushakashatsi ku ngagi bw’Umunyamerikakazi w’ikirangirire w’impuguke mu bidukikije, Diana Fossey bakunze kwita Nyiramacibiri. Yageze muri iyi pariki mu mwaka w’1967, atangiza ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi yise Karisoke Research Centre, hagati ya Karisimbi na Bisoke. Guhera ubwo, igihe cye kinini yagifataga muri pariki, kandi akeshwa kuba yarahesheje agaciro ingagi zo mu Rwanda, asaba ko zitabwaho ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Yiciwe mu rugo iwe mu mwaka w’1985, azize abashimusi batazwi yari amaze igihe akumira, ahambwa muri pariki hafi y’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi yari yarashinze.

Ibimera

Ibimera muri iyi pariki bigenda bitandukana bitewe n’ubutumburuke. Hari ishyamba ry’imisozi migufi (igice cyaryo kinini cyarahinzwe). Hagati ya metero 2400 na 2500 z’ubutumburuke, hari ishyamba ryo mu bwoko bwa Neoboutonia, naho ku butumburuke bwa metero 2500 kugeza kuri 3200 hari ishyamba ry’urugano rwo mu bwoko bwa Arundinaria alpine, riri ku buso bubarirwa kuri 30% bya pariki yose. Ku butumburuke bwa metero 2600 kugera kuri 3600, ahanini ku bice by’imisozi bikonja byo mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba, hari ishyamba ryo mu bwoko bwa Hagenia-Hypericum, ribarirwa kuri 30% bya pariki yose. Iri shyamba ni rimwe mu mashyamba manini muri Afurika rifite ibiti byo mu bwoko bwa Hagenia abyssinica.

Ibimera byo ku butumburuke bubarirwa hagati ya metero 3500 na 4200, rigaragaramo cyane ibiti byo mu bwoko bwa Lobelia wollastonii, L. lanurensis na Senecio erici-rosenii, rikaba ribarirwa ku bugari bwa 25% bya pariki yose. Kuva kuri metero 4300 kugeza kuri 4200 z’ubutumburuke, ibyatsi ni byo bihagaragara. Hagaragara kandi igisambu cy’ibyatsi binini ndetse n’icy’ibito, ishyamba risanzwe n’ibiyaga bito, ariko ibi byose bibarirwa ku buso buto.

Inyamaswa

Iyi pariki izwi cyane ku ngagi zo mu misozi (Gorilla beringei beringei). Izindi nyamaswa z’inyamabere zigaragara muri iy pariki ni: Inguge zo mu bwoko bwa golden monkey (Cercopithecus mitis kandti); inzovu (Syncerus caffer); impyisi z’amabara zo mu bwoko bwa Crocuta crocuta na bush buck (Tragelaphus scriptus). Iyi pariki kandi irimo inzovu n’ubwo ari nke. Harimo amoko 178 y’inyoni, byibura 13 muri yo na 16 y’ibisanira byayo akaba ari yo aboneka cyane mu birunga no mu misozi ya Rwenzori.