Kigali

Nyarutarama mu Mujyi wa Kigali

Kigali, ituwe n’abaturage 965,398 (2009), ni umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda. Ni wo mujyi munini kuruta indi mu gihugu. Kuva aho yabereye umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda nyuma y’ubwigenge mu mwaka w’ 1962, Kigali yabaye ihuriro ry’imirimo irebana n’ubukungu, umuco no gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu Rwanda. Ni wo mujyi uherereyemo ibiro bya Perezida wa Repubulika ndetse n’ ibyicaro bikuru by’amaminisiteri yose, ni naho hatuye abayobozi bakuru mu gihugu bose. Uyu mujyi waguwe muri Mutarama 2006 igihe cy’ivugurura ry’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu mu gihugu hose. Igice gituwe cyane cy’Umujyi wa Kigali kibarirwa ku buso bungana na 70%, ahasigaye hose ni icyaro.

Amateka

Umujyi wa Kigali washinzwe mu w’ 1907 ku butegetsi bw’Abadage, ariko ntiyaba umurwa mukuru kugeza aho u Rwanda ruboneye ubwigenge muw’ 1962. Umurwa gakondo wari icyicaro cy’umwami i Nyanza, mu gihe icyicaro cy’Abakoloni cyari i Butare, hazwi ku izina rya Astrida. Butare mbere yari umujyi uruta Nyanza washoboraga no kuba umurwa mukuru w’ igihugu nyuma y’ ubwigenge, ariko Kigali yahiswemo kuko ari yo yari hagati cyane mu gihugu, kandi bikaba byaragendeye kumitekerereze y’Abanyarwanda bashakaga gupfobya burundu amatwara n’ibitekerezo by’Ababiligi. Kuva ubwo umujyi wakuze vuba cyane ndetse ubu ni ihuriro ry’ibikorwa bya politiki, ubukungu n’ umuco mu Rwanda.

Guhera kuwa 6 Mata, 1994, Kigali yari ishusho ya jenoside mu Rwanda iyicwa ry’ Abatutsi bagera kuri miliyoni imwe ndetse n’Abahutu batavugaga rumwe n’ ubutegetsi, bishwe n’ abasirikare ba Leta yo hambere n’Interahamwe, bituma uwo mujyi wangirika cyane.

Ubutumburuke

Umujyi wa Kigali ukikijwe n’imisozi y’amasunzu ane n’ibibaya. Umutima w’ umujyi wubatse kuri rimwe muri iryo sunzu, andi masunzu yubatseho igice nyamukuru cya guverinoma. Impinga z’ ayo masunzu zifite uburebure bubarirwa kuri metero 1,600 (5,246 ft) mu gihe ibibaya bibarirwa kuri metero 1,300 (4,270 ft). Inyubako nini n’ iz’ ibiro zubatse ku masunzu y’iyo misozi, mu gihe abaturage bakennye cyane batuye mu bibaya. Umujyi uzengurutswe akenshi n’ imisozi miremire, aho indi iri mu nkengero zawo iyisumba. Umuremure muri yo ni Umusozi wa Kigali (Mont Kigali), ufite uburebure bwa metero 1,850 (6,075 ft) hejuru y’ amazi.

Ubukungu

Gasegereti icukurwa mu nkengero z’Umujyi wa Kigali, ku buryo mu mujyi hubatsemo uruganda ruyitunganya kuva mu w’ 1982. Ubucuruzi mu Rwanda buri gutera imbere, n’ inyubako nshya nyinshi ziri kuzamuka mu mujyi hagati, zirimo umunara wa Kigali City Tower n’ inyubako ya Banki ya ECOBANK, Centenary House n’izindi. Ubukerarugendo n’abakozi b’ imiryango itegamiye kuri leta nabyo bifite uruhare rukomeye mu bukungu.

Umujyi wa Kigali wiganjemo ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi byinshi byo shingiro ry’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda. Tumwe mu duce tuzwiho gukorerwamo ibikorwa bihambaye by’ubucuruzi twavuga nka Quartier Commercial na Quartier Mateus ho mu Mujyi wa Kigali rwagati, twavuga Nyabugogo, Remera Giporoso. Higanje kandi n’amasoko ahahirwamo na benshi, muri ayo twavuga Simba Supermarket, Nakumatt, isoko rya Gisozi ricururizwamo imbaho n’ibizikomokaho, isoko rya Nyabugogo, isoko rya Kimironko n’irya Nyamirambo.

Inganda nyinshi zikomeye mu gihugu ziboneka mu Mujyi wa Kigali, kimwe n’uburuzi bwa serivisi, ni ho bwiganje.